Women And The Construction Industry - 926 Words

With the construction industry projected to grow over the next several years and project management positions in high demand, the makeup of the construction industry is often overlooked. When one looks at a jobsite, or even thinks of the construction industry, the most common image that comes to mind is men working away in hardhats and neon vests, with women completely irrelevant to this picture. Women are the largest untapped resource of the construction industry, as it is believed that men makeup around 99% of the industry (Williams, 2015). For women entering into the world of construction, it is hard to penetrate the male stigma that clouds this field, which is why many women often do not pursue careers in construction. The stereotype of male construction workers must be challenged in order to help women thrive in construction industry. Women are underrepresented in the construction industry due to a number of reasons such as, sexism, harassment, intimidation, and a downfall of op portunities. Patricia Valeroy, a young college student at Columbia University, began her first summer internship at large construction company. Although studying civil engineering, her internship was a construction management position on a luxury high rise in New York. Eager to get started at what she thought would be the most ideal internship, her hopes were quickly crestfallen, as the senior construction manager told her he was unwilling to work with women. As she was sent to do other tasks,Show MoreRelatedWomen And The Construction Industry1994 Words   |  8 PagesWith the construction industry projected to grow over the next several years and project management positions in high demand, the makeup of the construction industry is often overlooked. When one looks at a job site, or even thinks about the construction industry, the most common image that comes to mind is men working away in hard hats and neon vests, with women completely irrelevant to this picture. Women are the largest untapped resource of the construction industry, as it is believed that menRead MoreA Brief Note On Barriers Faced By Women During Construction Industry981 Words   |  4 Pagesfaced by women in the construction industry with a view to evaluate the existing and current theory, policy, and practice. Through the literature review, the major barriers to women in construction such as the image of the industry, career knowledge, workplace culture and environment and family commitments will be examined along with other possible barriers. The relevant policies and best practice guideline promoting gender equality and offering better opportunities for women in construction and theRead MoreThe Theories Of Individual Career Development977 Words   |  4 Pagesoccupational world (Greene and Stitt-Gohdes, 1997). Industry experts agree that gender stereotypes as debated in the social role theory, create a vast barrier to their attempt to transform the image of the construction sector Recent studies among university graduates found that male and female students, still perceived the career in engineering as not a suitable for women. It can be concluded that while initiatives such as the Women into Construction scheme can instigate to dismiss the myths, it canRead MoreThe Current Status Of Women999 Words   |  4 Pagesare then outlined, followed by recommendations for the industry for improvement, before recommendations are made for future research in order to development the subject. 6.2 Revising of Research Objectives and Evaluation of Hypothesis The following research objectives, aimed to achieve in this research, as listed below: 1. To analyse the current status of women in construction and identify barriers leading to the under representation of women in sector. 2. To test top five important barriers andRead MoreMinority Set Aside Programs1526 Words   |  7 Pagesthe employment and educational opportunities of women and minorities through state and federal legislation (Policy Link, 2005). The traditional beliefs and stereotypes that have been perpetuated throughout history and across generational lines, presents a foundation for discrimination against women and minorities. A woman s place is in the home where she is to cook, clean, and care for her family. She is to support her husband in his endeavors; women lack the physical characteristics that make menRead MoreThe Heart Of Road Construction Workers1606 Words   |  7 PagesThe Heart of Road Construction Workers We all have driven by a construction zone or been a passenger. Before you drive into a road construction zone you will see warning signs indicating that you are approaching a specific work zone. Typically, these signs will say â€Å"Three miles ahead work zone, speed limit 55 and any injury to a worker you will be fined 10,000 dollars.† Next, you will see men and women working and others supervising. One of the construction workers will be holding a sign to indicateRead More Choosing a Career Path1086 Words   |  5 Pageshard part. When declaring my major, I had no idea that Michigan State had so many different options. My original major was pre-law, and then it was general management, now I’m leaning towards construction management. I watched â€Å"A Family That Preys† by Tyler Perry, and one of the characters was a construction manager. Like a child, watching this movie persuaded my decision to go into this field. I didn’t declare this as my first majo r because I was uneducated on the field, so I went with a major thatRead MoreEmployment Is The Key Factor For The Development Of Developing Countries Like Bangladesh Essay906 Words   |  4 Pagesmuch more emphasis on economic growth than the employment of workers. In national plans, the government formulates strategies and policies for development of different sectors of the economy and set targets of growth for the sectors - agriculture, industry, services, etc. Nevertheless, poverty reduction is one of the major objectives of the development plan and economic growth does not necessarily reduce poverty unless the growth is people focused. Employment is the key for generating income for theRead MoreOccupational Safety And Health Administration Essay1629 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION Accidents are unfortunately inevitable in an industry as dangerous as the construction industry. It is not unknown that all-around construction is the occupational field that produces the most accidents and fatalities per year, which can definitely be intimidating for anyone desiring a career in this environment. Furthermore, the sad truth is that accidents will never cease to occur regardless of all of the strict rules and safety procedures implemented by supervisors and safety organizationsRead MoreWhat Qualities Will You Help The Construction Industry?1169 Words   |  5 Pages1. What qualities will you bring to the construction industry? First and foremost, my leadership abilities will be valuable in the construction industry. I made a wise decision when I started the Drury Leadership Development Program (LDP) which includes extra coursework, leadership experiences, and experiential learning requirements. Participating in the LDP at Drury has offered me many opportunities for leadership training other college students do not encounter. Not only that, it has helped me

Essay On Smoking In Public Places - 1846 Words

1) Context: Ban Smoking in Public Places The health hazards of smoking have never been unknown. There has been enough scientific evidence to prove that smokers, on an average, have shorter life spans than non-smokers. This is caused by various lung and cardiovascular problems that are caused by cigarette smoking. However, what may go unnoticed at times is the agonizing effect that the act of smoking has on non-smokers. For this reason, I am referring to second-hand smoking or also known as passive smoking, which is when someone inhales smoke from another person’s cigarette. This situation becomes unmanageable when it occurs in a public place while having no control over it. Although, there are two types of public environments that become†¦show more content†¦If the ban were to take place, it would cause consumers to look for a potential smoking area prior to smoking, which leads the buying potential to have a negative effect and it would diminish over a period of time. When people have to look for a smoking area prior to smoking, the buying potential has a negative effect and it diminishes over a period of time. However, this may become a concern for the sellers, and even though they might support the cause on an ethical level, they will withstand the ban, due to a business perspective. The ban will also have an effect on the customers, as now everyday smokers would have to go through the struggle of finding a designated smoking area to smoke even a single cigarette. This will affect his or her smoking habits in one of the two ways; the first possible outcome could be him or her struggling to find a place to smoke every time, which can decrease the frequency of smoking. This, in fact will affect the amount of money they spend on cigarettes. Which in fact, could also have a positive impact on people with families and children. The second possible outcome could be; that since a person cannot smoke in public places, he or she might go home and smoke all their cigarettes, thus affecting their family and children in a negative way. All things considered, smoking indoors and outdoors affects someone in a negative way, which puts another’s life in danger. Cigarette-manufacturing companies will most likely beShow MoreRelatedSmoking in Public Places Essay1923 Words   |  8 PagesWhy Smoking Should be Banned in Public Places. His bald head rests on a pillow. His bones from his cheeks and shoulders protrude under his skin. His mouth is open, but he cannot respond to his mother, wife or three-year-old son anymore. Doctors say there is no hope for Bryan Lee Curtis, a lung cancer victim. He started smoking when he was 13 years old and he never imagined that 20 years later, smoking would take his life away, leaving his wife and child alone. ‘’I can’t fight anymore’’, Bryan saidRead MoreThe Debate of Banning Smoking in Public Places Essays718 Words   |  3 PagesThe Debate of Banning Smoking in Public Places â€Å"There is no difference between a smoker and a suicide, only that one takes longer to kill themselves than the other†. Everyone has their rights, and if you want to smoke or not should be your choice because you are doing the damage to your own body. But if it’s supposed to be your choice and every gets their own choice then when you smoke in public places or wherever anyone is around you, you are making that choiceRead MoreEssay on Banning Smoking in Public Places720 Words   |  3 Pagesenvironment many suffer illnesses from pollution, and second hand smoke, and they seek for cleaner air. About five years ago, the health department was successful in banning smoking in public places and smokers needed to go outside unless companies set-up a designated area for smoking. Now, in Pierce County, smoking is banned in all public places such as restaurants, bars, casinos, hotels and taverns. This has caused an up roar with the business owners losing customers and money because of this ban. WithinRead MoreEssay about Smoking In Public Places - Smoking Bans550 Words   |  3 Pagesamong state and city lawmakers all over the country is the debate over whether or not smoking should be banned in public places. Many argue that allowing people to smoke in public places proposes serious health risks for innocent bystanders. Though the health risks are high, many still oppose the p roposal of such laws. Business owners presiding over such establishments as bars and restaurants worry that the smoking bans will severely hurt their revenues if passed. While this is an understandable concernRead MoreSmoking In Public Places - Smoking Ban in Iowa Essay564 Words   |  3 PagesNo Smoking at WIT Earlier in the year of 2008 my school stated that there would be no smoking allowed around their campus. This obviously flared up its fair share of supporters and non supporters. Some of the non supporters are asking if it is fair for the college to say what they can and cannot do in a public place. So is it ok for them to say no smoking on campus? I think they have every right to. According to Utilitarianism, when making a decision you should choose the one that results inRead MoreSmoking In Public Places - The Smoking Ban Backlash Essay1723 Words   |  7 PagesSmoking Ban Backlash Walking down Boston’s Boylston Street at the late hours of the evening, the sidewalks are crowded with smokers taking their last hauls before entering the bars for a night of drinking. Due to the smoking ban in all public work areas that has been in effect since May of 2003, restaurant and bar patrons of Boston bear the cold winter season approaching, and reminisce about the old days where it was legal to enjoy a smoke with a cocktail at a bar. In May of 2003, BostonRead MoreEssay about Smoking In Public Places Should be Banned766 Words   |  4 Pages Do you mind people smoking around you in public places? According to the pro-smoking group Air Initiative 7 in 10 of you do. Do you think it is fair to discriminate against smokers, forcing them to stand outside and smoke? On the other hand is it fair that non-smokers should have to inhale second hand smoke which can dame their health? (Do you support this ban or do you oppose it?) Personally I oppose it as I believe that non-smokers shouldn’t be subjected to a smoky environment on a night out.Read MoreSmoking Should be Banned in Public Places Essays1464 Words   |  6 PagesDuring the past few decades it has come to light that smoking kills. The federal government mandates that every pack of cigarettes carry a warning on it that smoking can lead to health problems including death. But the messages are rather clinical, for example: â€Å"Smoking Causes Lung Cancer, Heart Disease, Emphysema, and May Complicate Pregnancy.† Smoking is a danger to one’s own health but there is now evidence that smoking can affect others as well. Second hand smoke has been shown to cause cancerRead MoreEssay Smoking Should NOT Be Banned in Public Places730 Words   |  3 PagesSmoking Should Not Be Banned in Restaurants      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the perfect situation, smoking policy would be set by bar or restaurant owners, and customers would patronize the establishments with the policy they prefer. Customers would decide-without the governments help-if they want to avoid smoke-filled rooms or enter them. They might even choose to sit in an area sectioned off for smokers or non-smokers, but the ultimate issue is choice (Ruwart 1). When the government starts telling restaurantRead MoreEssay on Smoking In Public Places Should Be Banned463 Words   |  2 PagesSmoking In Public Places Should Be Banned There should be rules enforced for smoking in public places. Smokers just do not know the negative influence they are spreading. A puff of cigarette can harm a smokers health. When I go to a restaurant I do not like to leave smelling like smoke. It is the same going to a garbage dump, and smelling like garbage. I am not a smoker, and I cannot stand having the stench of smoke on my clothes. The smell of smoke is not harmful, but secondhand smoke is

Literacy Case Study Free Essays

Literature serves as a repository of human experience. The possibility of such is evident in the personal and political character evident in the creation of a literary work. Such a character is present in the process of creating a literary work. We will write a custom essay sample on Literacy Case Study or any similar topic only for you Order Now The literary work may be depicted as an artist’s compilation of thoughts and ideas formulated into a coherent whole. The process of formulating such is spearheaded by the artist’s acquisition of language through the socialization process. Socialization occurs at the formal and informal level. The formal level is generally characterized by the acquisition of the syntactical and semantical rules of a language. Such a process occurs during a child’s education. The acquisition of language, as well as the development of the interest for a particular language may occur during the early part of a child’s socialization process with the family. The family serves as the main element for a child’s acquisition of interest for particular styles or one may even state for particular literary genres. Hence, a child who has been introduced at an early age to fairly tales may have a taste for the fantastic and the supernatural. At the same time, a child introduced to personal narratives may develop an interest for personal narrations. In lieu of this, what follows is the result of literacy case study conducted with a peer/classmate. The study opts to present an analysis of a peer’s literacy level though the analysis of his/her reading and writing skills. Such an analysis involves the assessment of the individual’s personal views to the reading and writing process and the relation of these views to the individual’s assessment of his literacy level. Method The methodology employed for this case study involves a one on one interview with a particular peer/classmate. The methodology used enables the interviewer to assess the literacy level of the interviewee in terms of conversational language. Such an assessment enables the interviewer to consider the interviewee’s communication skills, which mirrors the interviewee’s self-perceived competency of his literacy level. Evaluation This case study was conducted with a classmate [Ali]. Several questions were posed which considered Ali’s socialization experience in terms of language acquisition. The study shows that an individual’s literacy level increasingly develops throughout the life span because of the continuous stimulation of various stimuli that necessitates the individual’s continuous use of his reading and writing skills. In Ali’s case, this is evident, as he perceives literature as the focal point, which enabled him to develop an interest for the other subjects during his junior year. In relation to this, his later years of development [specifically that which is situated within the University] mirrors his literacy development. Ali’s development has shifted towards a highly personal consideration of the role of these aforementioned skills in the development of his own voice and hence his own identity. Summary and Recommendations Based upon the interview, I perceive Ali’s utilization of the personal value that literature serves for the individual. Personal here ought to be understood as private. Literature for Ali thereby serves as an ensemble of various accounts that serve to reject the discursive unity that constructs subjectivity as simultaneously individualized and totalized since literature as Ali perceives it or utilizes it in his life takes the form or style of several generic discourses. The acts correlated with literature [reading and writing] thereby stand for Ali as acts that enable the discovery of the self through the daily recording of events that allows the creation of his singular account of the transactions and movements of his life. As I reckon, Ali’s interest lies in the creation of self-narratives in the form of daily records of his daily transactions. Such an act may be seen as an exercise of selfhood wherein Ali portrays his perception of his intimate self while recognizing that it is his mere perception of his self. Ali thereby allows the subversion of the act of turning â€Å"real lives into writing† as he allows the existence of conflicts and confusions in the formation of his identity [as depicted in his writings]. Ali himself notes that literature enables him to perceive the mistakes the he continuously commits in the act of delving within and understanding a literary work. Literature, in this sense, presents Ali with the form in which he may be able to continuously exercise the act of self-formation and hence self-creation. The possibility of such is evident if one considers that Ali takes the act of understanding a literary work as an internal act, which necessitates the reader’s complete understanding of the content of literary work. Such an understanding, although enabled and nurtured within a group through the introduction of various diverse views is only possible when one isolates one’s self in order to reassess one’s thoughts in connection to the simultaneous views presented within a group. To understand a literary work thereby serves as a process of reconsidering the self in order to attain a form of consensus within one’s self that enables the self’s creation and hence specification of its view. Literature, for Ali, thereby serves as a medium for self discovery and self creation wherein the acts of both reading and writing serve as the facilitators for the initial creation and finally in the end Ali’s own medium for the specification and exposition of his self as represented through his own creative work.       How to cite Literacy Case Study, Free Case study samples

Growing Up as a Soccer Player free essay sample

Player Soccer has been the sport of my choice since I have been four years old. It was the love of my life. I loved everything about it from the sweet smell of the grass to the most exhilarating feeling of scoring a goal. The sport of soccer was what motivated me to do better in everything. I grew up in a family that lived, breathed, and played soccer. My Dad coached soccer and both of my older brothers played soccer through High School, so when it came to me I had no choice but to play. When I first started, I was a little terror on the field. I loved to score right from the beginning. When you are at that age you play â€Å"bunch ball†, so what my father told me to do was to stand outside the bunch and wait till the ball squirted out. This plan worked brilliantly, I scored goal after goal with this method. We will write a custom essay sample on Growing Up as a Soccer Player or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As I continued to play and move through the ranks of soccer I began to enjoy it more with every game I played. I went to tournaments all across California and even some out of state. I was having the time of my life playing the world-renowned game of soccer. When I reached Jr. High I played on the school’s soccer team. I started as a 7th grader, but didn’t really do anything special until my 8th grade year. During my 8th grade year of soccer I lit up the stats’ in goals and assist’s scoring 16 goals and having 12 assists. My biggest moment came in the championship game. My team was down 2 – 1 when I got a break down the side lines, I took the ball towards the goal and slid it into the side netting, tying the game 2 – 2 with three minutes to play. The game went into penalty kicks where I made a crucial shot that helped lead us to victory. I led my team in goals, assists and points; with these stats I was named MVP of my team. My new club with Surf just started and out of the 60 kids that tried out I was the only that made it. I thought I was the coolest person an alive because I was playing with all the big boys on the premier soccer squad, but the kids were quick to let me know that I was still a new player by the quality that they played. I went on to start every game that year. It wasn’t my best year I only had a few goals and assists, but not bad for a new player.

6 Tips for Creating Captivating SlideShares

While you might think your current slate of social media channels is sufficient, you may be missing out on an incredible opportunity if you don’t have SlideShare in the mix.Since its 2012 acquisition by LinkedIn, the platform has grown consistently year-over-year and now boasts over 70 million active users per month and more than 18 million uploads. With SlideShare dubbed the â€Å"quiet giant of content marketing† by Forbes magazine, it’s worth considering whether you can harness its substantial power to take your own content marketing to the next level. Why Use SlideShare? There are quite a few reasons SlideShare has become so popular: It’s easy to get started: Just add some information about yourself or your business. You can also connect your SlideShare with your existing Facebook or LinkedIn accounts for an even faster set up. Unique medium:Slide presentations can help you demonstrate your expertise in a visually compelling and easy-to-navigate format. You can even recycle some of your existing content into a slide presentation, reducing the amount of work you need to do. Improves SEO:Google indexes each and every presentation on the platform and the vast majority of SlideShare’s traffic comes from organic search.So, having a number of presentations on SlideShare can give your brand’s SEO a nice boost. Getting the Most Out of SlideShare While the potential benefits are there, you won’t get any if your slide presentations themselves are poor. They need to grab readers’ attention and keep it. With that in mind, here are a few tips for slide presentations so that they are effective on SlideShare: Make sure your presentation can stand alone: Some SlideShare presentations are ineffective because they were obviously meant to go along with spoken dialogue.Be sure that your presentation is clear and easy to follow on its own. Create an incredible cover slide: The cover slide is what lures people to start viewing the rest of your presentation, so it needs to be as powerful and compelling as possible. Use links to your advantage:Add links to drive people to your website or to a contact form – it’s a great way to gain new subscribers to your email list and boost your website’s traffic. Don’t skimp on the description and keywords: Make sure you fill in all the fields when you upload a presentation.The description is particularly important – you have 3,000 characters to work with, so there’s plenty of room to create a detailed description that grabs attention.It’s also important to tag your presentation with the right keywords.This will increase its visibility and help it rank better in search results. Include a clear call-to-action: SlideShare isn’t the place to be subtle. If you want users to click through and take the next step, you need to provide a clear, visual call-to-action. If you’re looking for a new addition to your content marketing mix, slide presentations on SlideShare may be a perfect fit.With a large user base and an easy-to-follow format for your audience, the potential to grow your reach and boost your visibility is tremendous.

Conditional Operator Definition and Explanation

Conditional Operator Definition and Explanation Conditional operators are used to evaluate a condition thats applied to one or two boolean expressions. The result of the evaluation is either true or false. There are three conditional operators:   Ã‚  the logical AND operator. ||  Ã‚  Ã‚  the logical OR operator. ?:  Ã‚  Ã‚  the ternary operator. Conditional Operators The logical AND and logical OR operators both take two operands. Each operand is a boolean expression (i.e., it evaluates to either true or false). The logical AND condition returns true if both operands are true, otherwise, it returns false. The logical OR condition returns false if both operands are false, otherwise, it returns true. Both the logical AND and logical OR operators apply a short circuit method of evaluation. In other words, if the first operand determines the overall value for the condition, then the second operand is not evaluated. For example, if the logical OR operator evaluates its first operand to be true, it does not need to evaluate the second one because it already knows the logical OR condition has to be true. Similarly, if the logical AND operator evaluates its first operand to be false, it can skip the second operand because it already knows the logical AND condition will be false. The ternary operator takes three operands. The first is a boolean expression; the second and third are values. If the boolean expression is true, the ternary operator returns the value of the second operand, otherwise, it returns the value of the third operand. An Example of Conditional Operators To test if a number is divisible by two and four: int number 16; if (number % 2 0 number % 4 0) {   Ã‚  System.out.println(Its divisible by two and four!); } else {   Ã‚  System.out.println(Its not divisible by two and four!); } The conditional operator first evaluates whether its first operand (i.e., number % 2 0) is true and then evaluates whether its second operand (i.e., number % 4 0) is true. As both are true, the logical AND condition is true.

Diabetes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Diabetes - Essay Example Type II diabetes, also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes or adult-onset diabetes is the most common form. Diabetes is an internal disease, which is caused due to the build up of glucose in the blood and insufficient glucose provided to the cells in the body. Living organisms need energy to survive and for this they intake food. The food that they eat goes through a lot of internal processes to be converted into energy. The hormone that plays the main role in this conversion is insulin, which is secreted by pancreas. It takes glucose from the blood and provides to all the body cells and this is how it is turned into energy. A person suffers from diabetes because his pancreas either fails to secrete sufficient amount of insulin or because the body does not utilize the already secreted hormone accordingly. He or she is seen to have high blood sugar levels or hyperglycemia. Causes of Type II Diabetes: Type II diabetes is mainly seen in people who have crossed 45 years. But with the modern lifestyle and the way the world works nowadays, even children and youngsters have started being affected by it. The percentage of youth suffering from diabetes is increasing steadily. To be safe from this disease, one needs to know the different factors that lead to it. Research has shown that â€Å"genetic susceptibility† (Causes of Diabetes para 9) and â€Å"environmental factors† (Causes of Diabetes para 12) such as obesity, lack of physical activity, metabolic syndrome, beta cell dysfunction etc, are the main reasons behind type II diabetes Often at times, genes play a very important role in placing a person under high risk or low risk of being prone to diabetes. This means that a person, whose parents and siblings suffered from this disease, stands a greater chance of falling prey to it. Inheriting such genes, especially â€Å"variants of the TCF7L2 gene† (Causes of Diabetes para 24) leads to restriction in the amount of insulin that is produced, wh ich causes the blood sugar levels to rise abnormally. Ethnicity also accounts as a factor and mostly â€Å"African Americans, Alaska Natives, American Indians etc† (Causes of Diabetes para 22) are seen to have diabetes. Certain genes also bring about the tendency in people to become obese. Obesity, mainly the one where the individual has excessive belly fat, along with absence of exercise cause a lot of cardio vascular problems and ultimately lead to diabetes. Metabolic syndrome is seen in people who have insulin resistance, due to which the cells of the body become unable to absorb the glucose present in the blood. Beta cell dysfunction causes substantial difference in the amount of insulin that is secreted. When glucose is produced in huge amounts, a condition called glucose toxicity occurs in which the beta cells are vitiated. Other factors include over secretion of glucose by liver, hindrances in communication among cells etc. Complications of Type II Diabetes: Type II di abetes is a very serious disease since one of the main hormones, insulin, which controls the blood sugar levels as well as the major activity of the body, that is converting glucose into energy, is tampered with. Diabetes itself is caused by factors that are quite harmful for the body, and when these factors along with diabetes together are present, the person suffering definitely runs the risk of being affected by other diseases. Type II diabetes is thus, associated to certain other diseases which prove to

Academic Plan for Improvement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Academic Plan for Improvement - Essay Example I have a wish to get good grades by the end of this course. To make my academic wish come true, I have committed to various study habits, which include drawing a timetable for study, sticking to it, and morning reviews of my class notes. During my morning reviews, I plan to spend the time rewriting key concepts of various subjects learned on the previous day. In addition, after finishing every course, I plan to take time to link courses to daily life to make them more fulfilling to my life. By following my study time well, I will have ample time to study and sleep, even during exams. To remain focused during study time, I will inquire from other students how they are making it, form group discussions with them to motivate and challenge me. In addition, give me rewards for following my timetables well, attending classes, and getting good grades. My obstacles in life are largely past failures and health issues, which remind me of a possibility of failure in future academic endeavors. I have told myself repeatedly that I do not need to fear about sicknesses because they are part of life. I am trying to overcome this fear by reading a book by Norman Vincent Pearle on the Power Of Positive Thinking and encourage myself that sickness will not affect my studies. I have committed to taking a balanced diet to boost my immunity and avoid communicable diseases. Another of my greatest fears has been how I will balance my studies and my family. This is because when I come home in the evenings, I need to spend time with my family, and at the same time have a few minutes to review my notes and do some assignments. Usually, my children draw their inspiration to read from me, which makes them stay focused on their studies. In the timetable, I have slotted a time to my children and reduced the time I had to watch TV in the evenings to ensure that I have enough sleep to start my day fresh.

Writing a paper about "The Office" (us verison) Research

Writing a about "The Office" (us verison) - Research Paper Example Brown in response to an unsolicited repeat performance of a controversial, racially-themed comedy routine. It turns out that the session was held for everyone in the office, but truly, it was meant for Michael since he was the one who made the comments. Diversity is a concept that applies to all people in a particular environment, not just individuals who differ from the norm. It goes beyond just the differences to encompass the whole collective of people representing a group. Therefore, it also represents the similarities between people. There are a number of factors that can make up diversity – factors such as educational background, religion, union affiliation, seniority, physical ability, appearance, gender, and race. Some factors are organizational in nature; some are internal to a person, and some are external to a person. On its face, the diversity session that Mr. Brown tried to lead with Michael present was conducted very much of the surface level – only trying to address the racial insensitivity of Michael’s comedy routine. Instead, it misses the rich framework of other factors that define diversity in the office setting. In fact, Mr. Brown dismisses Dwight’s comment about homosexuality not bei ng a race addresses this point directly – sexual orientation is a facet of diversity that should be trained upon. Perhaps because, as Mr. Brown says, â€Å"we only have an hour†, he realizes the limitations of the scope placed on the diversity training session in terms of how much ground they can actually cover. There are a number of benefits of diversity, both for the individual as well as for the organization. At the individual level, increased diversity leads to perspective taking, intellectual engagement, and shared values with others within the group. At the organizational level, diversity can have a real impact on the mission of the organization by increasing creativity, system flexibility, and cooperation among employees. When Mr. Brown

Rural Development In India Construction Essay

Rural Development In India Construction Essay India is a country of villages and about 50% of the villages have very poor socio-economic conditions. Since the dawn of independence, concerted efforts have been made to ameliorate the living standard of rural masses. So, rural development is an integrated concept of growth and poverty elimination has been of paramount concern in all the consequent five year plans. Rural Development (RD) programmes comprise of following: Provision of basic infrastructure facilities in the rural areas e.g. schools, health facilities, roads, drinking water, electrification etc. Improving agricultural productivity in the rural areas. Provision of social services like health and education for socio-economic development. Implementing schemes for the promotion of rural industry increasing agriculture productivity, providing rural employment etc. Assistance to individual families and Self Help Groups (SHG) living below poverty line by providing productive resources through credit and subsidy. Rural employment schemes National Rural Employment Guarantee Act Implemented by the Ministry of Rural Development External website that opens in a new window, National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) External website that opens in a new window is the flagship programme of the Government that directly touches lives of the poor and promotes inclusive growth. The Act aims at enhancing livelihood security of households in rural areas of the country by providing at least one hundred days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work. Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojna The Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana (SGRY) was launched on 25 September, 2001 by merging the on-going schemes of EAS and the JGSY with the objective of providing additional wage employment and food security, alongside creation of durable community assets in rural areas. The programme is self-targeting in nature with provisions for special emphasis on women, scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and parents of children withdrawn from hazardous occupations. While preference is given to BPL families for providing wage employment under SGRY, poor families above the poverty line can also be offered employment whenever NREGA has been launched. The Gram Panchayats can take up any work with the approval of the gram sabha as per their felt need and within available funds. Fifty per cent of the funds earmarked for the gram panchayats are to be utilised for infrastructure development works in SC/ST localities. 22.5 per cent resources must be spent on individual beneficiary schemes meant for SCs/STs out of the resource share of District Panchayat and Intermediate Panchayats. Contractors are not permitted to be engaged for execution of any of the works and no middlemen/intermediate agencies can be engaged for executing works under the scheme. The programme is regularly monitored. The programme is being evaluated through impact studies conducted by reputed institutions and organisations sponsored by the Central/State governments. National Food for Work Programme The National Food for Work ProgrammeHYPERLINK http://india.gov.in/outerwin.php?id=http://rural.nic.in/nffwpguidelines.htm was launched in November, 2004 in 150 most backward districts of the country, identified by the Planning Commission in consultation with the Ministry of Rural Development and the State governments. The objective of the programme was to provide additional resources apart from the resources available under the (SGRY)HYPERLINK http://india.gov.in/outerwin.php?id=http://rural.nic.in/book01-02/ch-2.pdf to 150 most backward districts of the country so that generation of supplementary wage employment and providing of food-security through creation of need based economic, social and community assets in these districts are further intensified. The scheme was 100 per cent centrally sponsored. The programme has since been subsumed in National Rural Employment Guarantee Act which has come in force in 200 identified districts of the country including 150 NFFWP districts. The Act provides 100 days of work guarantee to every rural household whose members volunteer to do unskilled manual work. Rural infrastructure development Bharat Nirman Bharat Nirman is a time-bound business plan for action in rural infrastructure. Under Bharat Nirman, action is proposed in the areas of irrigation, rural housing, rural water supply, rural electrification and rural telecommunication connectivity. Rural Roads To upgrade rural infrastructure, the Government has formulated a proposal for providing the road connections to more than 38,484 villages above 1000 population and all 20,867 habitations above 500 populations in hilly and tribal areas. To achieve the targets of Bharat Nirman, 1,46,185 kms. of road length is proposed to be constructed by 2009. This will benefit 66,802 unconnected eligible habitations in the country. To ensure full farm to market connectivity, it is also proposed to upgrade 1,94,132 kms. of the existing Associated Through Routes. A sum of approximately Rs. 48,000 crore is proposed to be invested to achieve this. The main thrust of research and development (RD) in the roads sector is to build a sustainable road infrastructure comparable to the best roads in the world. The various components of this strategy are improvement in design, modernization of construction techniques, introduction of improved material conforming to latest trends, evolving better and appropriate specifications, encouraging development and use of new technologies etc. The dissemination of these matters is done through the publication of new guidelines, code of practices, instructions/circulars, compilation of state-of-the-art reports and seminars/presentations etc. The research schemes sponsored by the Department are generally applied in nature, which, once completed, would enable them to be adopted by user agencies/departments in their work in the field. The areas covered are roads, road transport, bridges, traffic and transportation techniques etc. The Department takes the help of various research institutions, academi c institutions and universities to implement the schemes. An outlay of Rs 600.00 lakhs has been provided for RD in 2007-08. Some of the ongoing major schemes are as follows: Roads: Development of GIS based National Highways information system; Guidelines for soil nailing techniques in highway engineering; Pilot study on effect of overloading on road infrastructure; Investigation on field performance of bituminous mixes with modified binders; Bridges: Creation of complete range of independent testing facility at Central Road Research Institute (CRRI ), New Delhi. Rural Housing Housing is one of basic requirements for human survival. For a shelterless person, possession of a house brings about a profound social change in his existence, endowing him with an identity, thus integrating him with his immediate social milieu. The Ministry of Rural Development is implementing Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) with a view to providing financial assistance to the rural poor living below poverty line for construction of pucca house. The details of the scheme along with its performance are given below: Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) The Government of India is implementing Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) since the year 1985-86 to provide financial assistance for construction / upgradation of dwelling units to the below poverty line (BPL) rural households belonging to the scheduled castes, scheduled Tribes and freed bonded labourers categories. From the year 1993-94, the scope of the scheme was extended to cover non-Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes rural BPL poor, subject to the condition that the benefits to non-SC/ST would not be more than 40% of the total IAY allocation. The benefits of the Scheme have also been extended to the families of ex-servicemen of the armed and paramilitary forces killed in action, 3% of the Houses are reserved for the rural Below Poverty Line physically and mentally challenged persons, from 2006-07 onward, funds and physical targets under IAY are also being earmarked for BPL minorities in each state. Under the scheme, financial resources are shared between the centre and the states on a 75:25 basis. Since, reduction of shelterlessness is the primary objective, 75% weightage is given to housing shortage and 25% to the poverty ratios prescribed by Planning Commission for state level allocation. For district level allocation, 75% weightage is given again to housing shortage and 25% to SC/ST population of the concerned districts. On the basis of allocations made and targets fixed, district Rural development Agency (DRDAs)/Zilla Parishada (ZPs) decide Panchayat-wise number of houses to be constructed under IAY and intimate the same to the concerned Gram Panchayat. Thereafter, the Gram Sabha selects the beneficiaries, restricting its number to the target allotted, from the list of eligible households from the Permanent IAY Waitlists. No further approval of the higher authority is required. The ceiling on construction assistance under the IAY has been enhanced w.e.f. 1.4.2008, Rs. 25, 000/- to Rs. 35,000/- per unit in the plain areas and from Rs. 27,500/- to Rs. 38,500/- in hilly/difficult areas. For upgradation of kutcha house, the financial assistance has also been enhanced from Rs. 12,500/- to Rs. 15,000/- per unit. In addition, The Reserve Bank of India has been requested by the Ministry of Finance to include IAY houses under the Differential Rate of Interest (DRI) scheme for lending upto Rs. 20,000 per unit at an interest rate of 4%. Further, the dwelling units should invariably be allotted in the name of a female member of the beneficiary household. Alternatively, it can be allotted in the name of both husband and wife. Only in case there is no eligible female member in the family, the house can be allotted in the name of an eligible male member. The Sanitary latrine and smokeless chullah and proper drainage are required for each IAY house. Latrine could be constructed separate for the IAY house on the site of beneficiary. The construction of the houses is the sole responsibility of the beneficiary. Engagement of contractors is strictly prohibited. No specific type design has been stipulated for an IAY house. Choice of design, technology and materials for construction of an IAY house is the sole discretion of the beneficiaries. About 181.51 lakh houses have been constructed under IAY since inception of the Scheme with an expenditure of Rs. 36900.41 crores (upto 31/5/2008). Performance during the year 2007-08 During 2007-08, the Central allocation for Rural Houseing was Rs. 40,322.70 crore. The target for construction/upgradation of IAY houses was 21.27 lakh. Against this target, 19.88 lakh houses were constructed/upgraded by incurring an amount of Rs. 5,458.01 crores (including State share). Performance during the year 2008-09 The Central allocation for 2008-09 under the IAY is Rs. 5,645.77 crore for the target of constructing/upgrading 21.27 lakh IAY houses. Out of this, an amount of Rs. 1,694.48 crore has been released as part of first instalment and 85,879 houses have been constructed so far, (upto 31/5/2008). Irrigation Under the Irrigation Component of Bharat Nirman, the target of creation of additional irrigation potential of 1 crore hectare in 4 years (2005-06 to 2008-09) is planned to be met largely through expeditious completion of identified ongoing major and medium irrigation projects. Irrigation potential of 42 lakh hectare is planned to be created by expeditiously completing such ongoing major and medium projects. There is a definite gap between irrigation potential created and the potential utilized. Under Bharat Nirman it is planned to restore and utilize irrigation potential of 10 lakh hectare through implementation of extension, renovation and modernization of schemes alongwith command area development and water management practices. There are considerable areas in the country with unutilised ground water resources. Irrigation potential of 28 lakh hectare is planned to be created through ground water development. The remaining target for creation of irrigation potential of 10 lakh hectare is planned to be created by way of minor irrigation schemes using surface flow. 10 lakh hectare of irrigation potential is also planned by way of repair, renovation and restoration of water bodies and extension, renovation and modernization of minor irrigation schemes. Telephone Connections Telecom connectivity constitutes an important part of the effort to upgrade the rural infrastructure. Under the Bharat Nirman Programme, it will be ensured that 66,822 revenue villages in the country, which have not yet been provided with a Village Public Telephone (VPT), shall be covered. Out of the above villages, connectivity in 14,183 remote and far flung villages will be provided through digital satellite phone terminals. Assistance for both capital as well as operational expenditure for these VPTs will be met out of the Universal Services Obligation Fund (USOF). Rural Water Supply To build rural infrastructure, Bharat Nirman has been launched by the Government of India in 2005 to be implemented in a period of four years from 2005-06 to 2008-09. Rural drinking water is one of the six components of Bharat Nirman. During Bharat Nirman period, 55,067 un-covered and about 3.31 lakh slipped-back habitations are to be covered with provisions of drinking water facilities and 2.17 lakh quality-affected habitations are to be addressed for water quality problem. While prioritising the addressal of the water quality problem, Arsenic and Fluoride affected habitations have been accorded priority followed by Iron, Salinity, Nitrate and other contaminants. To ensure that habitations once provided with drinking water supply infrastructure do not slip back and face drinking water problem, sustainability of drinking water sources and systems has been accorded high priority. To achieve drinking water security at village/ habitation level, conjunctive use of water i.e. judicious use of rainwater, surface water and ground water is promoted. To enable the rural community shoulder the responsibility in management, operation and maintenance of water supply systems at village level, decentralized, demand-driven, community-managed approach in the form of Swajaldhara have been adopted. To further strengthen community participation in the drinking water sector for sustainability, National Rural Drinking Water Quality Monitoring Surveillance programme has been launched in February, 2006 under which 5 persons in each Gram Panchayat are to be trained to carry out regular surveillance of drinking water sources for which 100% financial assistance including water testing kits, are provided. Rural Electrification Ministry of Power has introduced the scheme Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidhyutikaran Yojana (RGGVY) in April 2005, which aims at providing electricity in all villages and habitations in four years and provides access to electricity to all rural households. This programme has been brought under the ambit of Bharat Nirman. Under RGGVY, electricity distribution infrastructure is envisaged to establish Rural Electricity Distribution Backbone (REDB) with at least a 33/11KV sub-station, Village Electrification Infrastructure (VEI) with at least a Distribution Transformer in a village or hamlet, and standalone grids with generation where grid supply is not feasible. This infrastructure would cater to the requirements of agriculture and other activities in rural areas including irrigation pump sets, small and medium industries, khadi and village industries, cold chains, healthcare and education and IT. This would facilitate overall rural development, employment generation and poverty alleviation. Subsidy towards capital expenditure to the tune of 90% will be provided, through Rural Electrification Corporation Limited (REC), which is a nodal agency for implementation of the scheme. Electrification of un-electrified Below Poverty Line (BPL) households will be financed with 100% capital subsidy @ Rs.1500/- per connection in all rural habitations. The Management of Rural Distribution is mandated through franchisees. The services of Central Public Sector Undertakings (CPSU) are available to the States for assisting them in the execution of Rural Electrification projects. Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna (PMGSY) External website that opens in a new window was launched on 25 December 2000 as a fully funded Centrally Sponsored Scheme. The primary objective of the PMGSY is to provide connectivity to all the eligible unconnected habitations of more than 500 persons in the rural areas (250 persons in the hilly and desert areas) by good quality all-weather roads. Under Bharat Nirman, goal has been set to provide connectivity to all the habitations with population of more than 1000 in the plain areas and habitations with a population of 500 or more in hilly and tribal areas in a time-bound manner by 2009. The systematic upgradation of the existing rural road networks is also an integral component of the scheme. Accordingly, an Action Plan has been prepared for connecting 66,802 habitations with 1,46,185 km of all-weather roads. This Action Plan also envisages upgradation/renewal of 1,94,130 km of the existing rural road network. Subsequently, based on ground verification by States, 62,985 habitations were found eligible to be connected under the programme, out of which 3421 habitations have been connected under other schemes. Thus, the revised target is to connect 59,564 habitations. It is estimated that an investment of about Rs.48,000 crore would be required for achieving the targets under Bharat Nirman. The implementation strategy focuses o n quality, cost management and on time delivery. Up to July, 2008, project proposals amounting to Rs. 81,717 crore have been approved against which a sum of Rs. 38,499 crore has been released for 86,146 roads covering a length of 3,31,736 km. Against these, 52,218 road works having road length of 1,75629 km have been completed with a cumulative expenditure of Rs. 35,295 crore. Rural Housing Housing is one of basic requirements for human survival. For a shelterless person, possession of a house brings about a profound social change in his existence, endowing him with an identity, thus integrating him with his immediate social milieu. The Ministry of Rural Development is implementing Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) with a view to providing financial assistance to the rural poor living below poverty line for construction of pucca house. The details of the scheme along with its performance are given below: Indira Awaas Yojna (IAY) The Government of India is implementing Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) since the year 1985-86 to provide financial assistance for construction / upgradation of dwelling units to the below poverty line (BPL) rural households belonging to the scheduled castes, scheduled Tribes and freed bonded labourers categories. From the year 1993-94, the scope of the scheme was extended to cover non-Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes rural BPL poor, subject to the condition that the benefits to non-SC/ST would not be more than 40% of the total IAY allocation. The benefits of the Scheme have also been extended to the families of ex-servicemen of the armed and paramilitary forces killed in action, 3% of the Houses are reserved for the rural Below Poverty Line physically and mentally challenged persons, From 2006-07 onward, funds and physical targets under IAY are also being earmarked for BPL minorities in each state. Under the scheme, financial resources are shared between the centre and the states on a 75 : 25 basis. Since, reduction of shelterlessness is the primary objective, 75% weightage is given to housing shortage and 25% to the poverty ratios prescribed by Planning Commission for state level allocation. For district level allocation, 75% weightage is given again to housing shortage and 25% to SC/ST population of the concerned districts. On the basis of allocations made and targets fixed, district Rural development Agency (DRDAs)/Zilla Parishada (ZPs) decide Panchayat-wise number of houses to be constructed under IAY and intimate the same to the concerned Gram Panchayat. Thereafter, the Gram Sabha selects the beneficiaries, restricting its number to the target allotted, from the list of eligible households from the Permanent IAY Waitlists. No further approval of the higher authority is required. The ceiling on construction assistance under the IAY has been enhanced w.e.f. 1.4.2008, Rs. 25, 000/- to Rs. 35,000/- per unit in the plain areas and from Rs. 27,500/ to Rs. 38,500/- in hilly/difficult areas. For upgradation of kutcha house, the financial assistance has also been enhanced from Rs. 12,500/- to Rs. 15,000/- per unit. In addition, The Reserve Bank of India has been requested by the Ministry of Finance to include IAY houses under the Differential Rate of Interest (DRI) scheme for lending upto Rs. 20,000 per unit at an interest rate of 4%. Further, the dwelling units should invariably be allotted in the name of a female member of the beneficiary household. Alternatively, it can be allotted in the name of both husband and wife. Only in case there is no eligible female member in the family, the house can be allotted in the name of an eligible male member. The Sanitary latrine and smokeless chullah and proper drainage are required for each IAY house. Latrine could be constructed separate for the IAY house on the site of beneficiary. The construction of the houses is the sole responsibility of the beneficiary. Engagement of contractors is strictly prohibited. No specific type design has been stipulated for an IAY house. Choice of design, technology and materials for construction of an IAY house is the sole discretion of the beneficiaries. About 181.51 lakh houses have been constructed under IAY since inception of the Scheme with an expenditure of Rs. 36900.41 crores (upto 31/5/2008) Performance during the year 2007-08 During 2007-08, the Central allocation for Rural Housing was Rs. 40322.70 crore. The target for construction/upgradation of IAY houses was 21.27 lakh. Against this target, 19.88 lakh houses were constructed/upgraded by incurring an amount of Rs. 5458.01 crores (including State share). Performance during the year 2008-09 The Central allocation for 2008-09 under the IAY is Rs. 56.45.77 crore for the target of constructing/upgrading 21.27 lakh IAY houses. Out of this, an amount of Rs. 1694.48 crore has been released as part of first installment and 85879 houses have been constructed so far, (upto 31/5/2008). Source: National Portal Content Management Team, Reviewed on:05-05-2010 Eleventh plan (2007-2012) The eleventh plan has the following objectives: Income Poverty Accelerate GDP growth from 8% to 10% and then maintain at 10% in the 12th Plan in order to double per capita income by 2016-17 Increase agricultural GDP growth rate to 4% per year to ensure a broader spread of benefits Create 70 million new work opportunities. Reduce educated unemployment to below 5%. Raise real wage rate of unskilled workers by 20 percent. Reduce the headcount ratio of consumption poverty by 10 percentage points. Education Reduce dropout rates of children from elementary school from 52.2% in 2003-04 to 20% by 2011-12 Develop minimum standards of educational attainment in elementary school, and by regular testing monitor effectiveness of education to ensure quality Increase literacy rate for persons of age 7 years or above to 85% Lower gender gap in literacy to 10 percentage point Increase the percentage of each cohort going to higher education from the present 10% to 15% by the end of the plan Health Reduce infant mortality rate to 28 and maternal mortality ratio to 1 per 1000 live births Reduce Total Fertility Rate to 2.1 Provide clean drinking water for all by 2009 and ensure that there are no slip-backs Reduce malnutrition among children of age group 0-3 to half its present level Reduce anaemia among women and girls by 50% by the end of the plan women and Children Raise the sex ratio for age group 0-6 to 935 by 2011-12 and to 950 by 2016-17 Ensure that at least 33 percent of the direct and indirect beneficiaries of all government schemes are women and girl children Ensure that all children enjoy a safe childhood, without any compulsion to work Infrastructure Ensure electricity connection to all villages and BPL households by 2009 and round-the-clock power. Ensure all-weather road connection to all habitation with population 1000 and above (500 in hilly and tribal areas) by 2009, and ensure coverage of all significant habitation by 2015 Connect every village by telephone by November 2007 and provide broadband connectivity to all villages by 2012 Provide homestead sites to all by 2012 and step up the pace of house construction for rural poor to cover all the poor by 2016-17 Environment Increase forest and tree cover by 5 percentage points. Attain WHO standards of air quality in all major cities by 2011-12. Treat all urban waste water by 2011-12 to clean river waters. Increase energy efficiency by 20 percentage points by 2016-17.

Book Review of 25 to Life by Lesley Snyder :: 25 to Life Lesley Crocker Snyder Essays

Book Review of 25 to Life by Lesley Snyder Leslie Crocker Snyder is a New York Supreme Court Justice. As a child, she already had her sights set on a career in law. She entered college at 16 with her eyes on the prize. She eventually became a part of the system over 30 years ago. This career path has taken her to many interesting destinations. She looks back down the legal road in 25 to Life: The Truth, the Whole Truth, and Nothing But the Truth. Snyder discusses the barriers she faced in the late 1960's as a woman in a male-dominated profession. When she expressed her desire to try homicide cases, she was told to "bring a letter of permission from her husband." Not one to let anything stand in her way, the author eventually got the job (without the letter) and moved her way up the legal ladder, eventually forming the Manhattan District Attorney's Sex Crimes Division. Most of 25 to Life is devoted to stories from the trenches. Snyder recollects her most memorable cases. She plays no favorites, candidly discussion the good, the bad and the ugly of lawyers and their clients. The author has a reputation for tough sentences, thus earning nicknames like "Ice Princess" and "25 to Life" among defendants. Several criminals who passed through her courtroom have threatened her life. Her family has had round-the-clock protection on several occasions. One chapter in this book is devoted to the judge's experience and perspective as a "victim" in regards to these threats. Though Snyder is clearly tough as nails, she doesn't appear to have the ego that is evident in some legal/law enforcement memoirs. She's very honest and forthcoming about her opinions, yet respectably grounded when talking about her calling.

A Study on Indian ‘Ready-to-Eat’ Food Industry

A study on Indian ‘Ready-to-Eat’ Food Industry 1. Problem Identified 1. 1Problem Definition Indian lifestyle is undergoing a massive socio-economic change, which is also being reflected in food habits. Owing to this fact, India is experiencing a significant growth in the ‘Ready-to-Eat’ Food industry. The Indian ‘Ready-to-Eat’ industry is making a huge progress and Ready-to-eat foods market in India is expected to reach Rs 2900 Cr by 2015. The popularity of ready-to-eat packed food now is no longer marks a special occasion. People want value for time, money in terms of quality and variety. The food processing industry is one of the largest industries in India and it is the ranked fifth in terms of Production, Consumption, Export and Expected growth. Processed food market in India accounts for 32% that is Rs. 1280 billion or 29. 4 billion US $ in a total estimated market of Rs. 3990 billion or 91. 66 US $. The demand for this industry comes from the global Indians as well. NRI’s and others are looking for convenient food, (almost) authentic dishes and entree on the go. This demand for ready-to-eat meals has captured a large amount of the food retail market in India and around the world. Walk in into any desi grocery shop in North America and one can find a wide assortment of emerging desi brands. Also Euromonitor International, a market research company says that amount of money Indian spend on ready to eat snacks & food is 5 billion US $ in a year while on abroad Indian or Indian subcontinents spend 30 billion US $ in a year. The factors contributing to this growth would be changes like cold chain development, disintermediation, streamlining of taxation, economies of scale on the supply side, coupled with increasing disposable incomes, diminishing culinary skills and the rising need for convenience on the demand side. The new technologies and techniques like retorting or sterilization process, which are developed to store the ready to eat food products and increase there shelf life is also an important factor adding to the fast growth of this industry. Some of the reasons for the market growth are listed as follows †¢Globalization of Indian food and its culture are the core factors for popularization of ready to eat foods. †¢Main motivation for these ready to eat foods is fast growing foreign market. †¢Retail outlet culture is now growing rapidly in India. Shelf lives of these foods are at least 12-18 months. †¢Quality, Taste and Flavour of these foods remains as good as fresh up to the expiry date. †¢Women wanting to spend more time out of the kitchen. †¢More working bachelors staying away from homes. †¢Cost effective in comparison to the Indian cuisine served by the restaurants in foreign countries. 1. 2Problem Statement: A study on Indian ‘Ready-To-Eatâ €™ food industry Market 1. 3Research Objectives: 1. To study the market of Indian Ready to Eat food. 2. To determine the factors affecting the purchase decision of Ready to Eat Food. . To identify market potential of ready to eat market segment in India 4. To understand the consumption pattern of Ready to Eat Food. 5. To identify the target market segment for RTE 6. To analyse the competition among different brands. 7. To develop marketing strategies for RTE products 2. Proposed Methodology: 2. 1Type of Data Research Methodology: The research is primarily both exploratory as well as descriptive in nature. The sources of information are both primary & secondary. A well-structured questionnaire will be prepared to collect the primary data through the questionnaire Sampling Process: Non probability of Sampling 2. 2Tools for data collection: †¢Primary Data ?Questionnaire ?Personal Interview †¢Secondary Data ? Internet ? Magazines ? Companies’ Brochure †¢Sample size – 100 †¢Sampling Technique – Convenience Sampling. 2. 3Framework for data analysis Analytical tools to be used: ?Percentage analysis ?Chi-square test ?Rank Correlation ?H test ?U test ?ANOVA 2. 4Expected deliverables: This study is used to understand the market of Indian ‘Ready-To-Eat’ Food Industry, its growth potential, consumer behaviour and to develop suitable marketing strategies.

Grow a Magic Crystal Christmas Tree

Grow a Magic Crystal Christmas Tree The magic part of the magic crystal Christmas tree is partly how quickly the crystals grow and partly the whole notion of a paper or sponge tree magically sprouting crystal foliage. This project is a variation on the charcoal crystal garden, except the crystals are grown on a tree form. Magic Crystal Tree Experiment Difficulty Level: BeginnerTime Required: OvernightMaterials: Salt, Water, Ammonia, Laundry BluingKey Concepts: Crystallization, Dissolving Magic Crystal Christmas Tree Materials 6 tablespoons or 90 ml water6 tablespoons or 90 ml table salt (preferably uniodized)6 tablespoons or 90 ml Mrs. Stewarts liquid laundry bluing1 tablespoon or 15 ml household ammoniaFood coloring (optional) Make the magic solution by dissolving the salt in the water and stirring in the bluing liquid and the ammonia. Grow a Magic Crystal Christmas Tree There are ​a  couple of different ways you can go here. You can cut a sponge into the shape of a Christmas tree, set it in a shallow dish, and pour the crystal solution over the sponge. Set the dish someplace where it wont be disturbed. You can dot the sponge with food coloring (like ornaments) if desired. Depending on the temperature and humidity, crystals may start to appear on the sponge Christmas tree in less than an hour. You should have a nice set of crystals if you let the dish sit out overnight. The other method is to cut out a cardboard or blotting paper Christmas tree. If you make two of these trees, you can cut one halfway down the top and the other halfway up from the bottom, match the cut ends together, and create a standing 3-dimensional tree. You can decorate your tree with food coloring ornaments. Set this tree in a shallow dish that contains the crystal growing solution. Crystal leaves will start to grow on your tree as the liquid is wicked up the paper and evaporates. If you cant get laundry bluing, you can get inexpensive kits to grow magic crystal Christmas trees.

The Importance of Education during Early Childhood

The Importance of Education during Early Childhood Introduction In pre-school children life, parents play an integral role in influencing children’s learning experiences and knowledge grasps. This arises from interactive segments among parents and children. For this reason, many parents opt to participate in mothers and toddlers groups, childcare arrangements, babysitting activities, and other events that increase interactive sessions between toddlers and parents.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Education during Early Childhood specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Such programs harbor potential positive impacts child development through provision of high quality, individualized, social reactions, and catalyzing experiences that improves children learning capabilities. Conversely, poor parenting, inadequate interactive parent-children structures, and minimal supervision of toddlers negatively affect development of children. Such negativities hold deleterious bearing on children’s abilities to grasp information, leading to lackluster performance in class work. Definition of key words Child development refers to the physical, social, intellectual, and emotional growth in young people as they interact with peers, parents, teachers, and the society. Development in children makes them more independent of parental guidance. Knowledge passage, on the other hand, denotes the transfer of familiarity and mastery of concepts about something in the society. It takes place in children through peer competition, parental education, and teachers’ guidance. Pre-school years represent stages in life when children start developing before achieving the school going age. Most scholars put ages 1 to 4 years as the pre-school years (Sheridan, Sharma, Cockerill, 2008). Factors influencing early childhood learning and development Early childhood development derives direction from several factors. Hereditary factors such as temperament , gender, and health conditions, which arise from within the children, play an integral role in children growth, development, and relationship with others. It is such relationships that define educational and development capabilities among toddlers. Similarly, family structures and cultures have a bearing on child development. Family relationships, parenting styles, cultural and social values, economic capabilities, parents, education levels, siblings’ behaviors, parents’ occupation, physical health, and mental health influence early childhood development.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Community and social structure influence children development. Integration of children’s interactions within community services such as support for parenting, housing qualities, community safety and security, unemployment, social crimes, and general feeling of trust amon g the residents influence children growth and development. These coupled with different cultures, parenting styles, beliefs, values, and different perspectives of children influence development and early childhood development. Understanding these facets puts early childhood development into perspective, thus improving chances of successful development. Importance of early childhood education Social development Early childhood education creates a link in children’s’ cognitive, psychological, and physical processes within the confines of care and support services from the surroundings. Families, communities, and nations need to invest funds in structures that improve such links to ensure successful child development and growth. Similarly, inadequacies in cognitive skills among pre-school toddlers compromise such toddler’s abilities and motivation to learn upon entry into schools (Mouw Weyrick, 2008). Insufficient preparation for school harbor costly ineffectivene ss in the education systems given that these children hold high probability of poor academic performance, repeating grades, and increase chances of school drop outs before basic education cycle. Therefore, early childhood preparation and development creates a foundation for successful educational future among the children (Bullough, 2001). Early childhood education comes with significant positive impacts across the world. Research shows that continuous evaluations of high-quality child development programs hold adequate long-term impacts on educational attainment, reduced levels of poverty, reduced participation in crime, increased social uprightness, and reduced social ills among children in future. In the US, for example, High/Scope Perry Pre-School Program presents seventy percent success stories (Heckman, 2010a). These success stories get attribution from impacts of cognitive development, grade progression, college participation, and improved behavioral structures.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Education during Early Childhood specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Educational foundations Child development requires more than classrooms and centers for learning. Recent research shows that the set of cognitive and non-cognitive skills and knowledge children acquire at pre-school remain much relevant in their longer lifetime outcomes (Miquela, 2008). High-quality pre-school programs with adequate space and good supervision of children games to ensure safety, quality books, puzzles, and blocks for motor skill development play integral roles in children development and growth. These act as bases for educational success. Similarly, affectionate and respectful caregivers, routines with individual and group engagements, and regular engagements with parents help in improving children association with society members, hence refining their social skills for future benefits (Heckman, 201 0b). Arts and Cultural appreciation Pre-school arts and cultural activities strengthen parent-child bonds. This in turn helps engage families in their children’s knowledge acquisition through provision of positive goal for common experience and communication. Family reading, singing, role playing, traditional tale sharing, and story-telling offer the best avenue for arts and cultural experience sharing vital for toddler development (Nomaguchi Brown, 2011). Similarly, artistic design development, memory sharing via photographs, and short family video clips help pre-school children understand their family setting, background, and previous experiences, thus influencing their bearing and perspective on family social structures and cultures. All these programs help in nurturing children to learn and appreciate existing arts and cultural structures within their family settings hence encouraging positive cultural upbringing (Bolen, 1989). Quality art and cultural experiences in ear ly childhood assist children in developing subsequent artistic abilities necessary for future survival. Bolen denotes that arts exhibitions and cultural show experiences at museums, galleries, theaters, and libraries presents many parents with ideas, confidence, and resources necessary for children games, hence providing an avenue for defining children hobbies’ and talents at an early stage (1989).Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Early childhood education in arts and cultural activities aid in developing intrinsic human qualities in children. Identification of flows and hiccups in such qualities at an early stage remains necessary for improvement of child growth and development. Pre-school engagement in such facets helps help children learn preservation of their cultural and arts heritage as well as helping them develop languages that shape their individual, community and global identity. Similarly, pre-school experiences help children develop confidence, self-esteem, and positive behavioral characteristics (Bolen, 1989). Language development Children learn from interactive segments. For pre-school youngsters, making art and sharing experiences help in word caption, pronunciation skills, and communication skills development. An example of simple learning skills arises when children playing together with parents crumble up papers into a round stuff and names it a â€Å"ball’. Children with such experi ences develop great description mastery and harbor high chances of language success as compared to their counterparts with no experience. Similarly, creative art works, paints, and shape definitions at pre-school life stages provoke children’s desire for different styles in artwork hence improving their abilities to learn more stuff (Laurie, Garrett, Buka, 2004). Visual development Most pre-school activities revolve around tangible stuff. Molding, decorations, painting, threading beads, sculpturing, and drawing represent most of the learning cultures and training programs of most pre-school programs. Such activities, as Burger (2010) puts out, help in developing visual capabilities among children. With advancement in technologies, toddlers continuously enjoy use of phones and tablets, thus improving their visual abilities before they develop language mastery skills. Visual interpretations of information help pre-school children interpret and criticize designs and art works a t an early stage of life. Such characteristics are vital in future activities both at school and in the society. Inventiveness and decision-making At pre-school learning centers, children get encouragement to express themselves and take risks in creating new arts for competition. Such supervised peer competitions create a sense of creativity and innovation among kids. Developing creativity and innovation in arts works provides a basis for creativity and innovativeness in decision-making, thus influencing positively the future of the kids. Since arts, designs, and paints encourage processes and experience of thinking and making things look better, early engagement of children in such activities presents a prerequisite for future success. Similarly, engagement with arts and designs in pre-school programs provides kids with an avenue of exploring, thinking, and experimenting new ideas, leading to increased success of idea creation (Currie, 2001). Motor skills development Art making, pa inting, drawing, and solving puzzles remain vital in growth of fine motor skills among young children. Statistics show that progressive milestones around age three such as drawing circles and learning use of safety scissors helps children advance their motor skills. Continuously and supervised use of safety scissors among the pre-school children help in developing the dexterity vital for mastery of writing skills (Payne Isaacs, 1995). Music and its benefits Pre-school learning encourages use of music. In instances where kids engage in age-appropriate music within a socially acceptable environment, a great foundation of success exists. Phonological structures, spoken language skills, and voice comprehension skills available in organized music sessions provide children with foundation for reading and language comprehension. Similarly, music helps kid develop their spatial-temporal and argument skills necessary for mastery of mathematics, science, and engineering (Levinowitz, 1999). B esides, music plays an integral role in development and management of emotional skills. These act as basic readiness strategies for full time class work since they help regulate children responses and relationship with complicated situation in many elementary schools. Similarly, emotional skills help in building social pillars that guide children relationship with their fellows and teachers at schools. Markedly, peaceful, respectful, and cordial relationships among children and teachers increase chances of success and grade progression. Equally, physical components of music such as dancing, moving, and playing instruments improve motor skills among children (Music, 2011). Improved home and school connection Parents engaging kids in early childhood learning sessions help children create a close connect between home and schools. Such kinds of engagement help parents understand many aspects about child’s daily aspects. Once such kids join schools, parents easily comprehend stuff s privy to their kids’ tribulations in school. Such a close link between home and school creates an avenue for supervision. Therefore, child development follows without compromising the child’s freedom of knowledge acquisition (Carma, Baxter, Imes, 2010). Likewise, close relations between school and home engagement help in creating a truthful bond between parents, teachers, and children, hence increasing chances of skill development and success. On the same note, close parental engagement with kids at an early stage of development provide the kids with a springboard responsible for easier movement into primary school (Curby Timothy, 2013). Conclusion Early childhood education plays an integral role in child development. Academic success with roots from the early childhood engagement, critical evaluation, and decision-making skills from art works, as well as improved curiosity for creativity form the basis for children success if properly developed at an early stage. With numerous studies showing parental engagement in educational follow-up high in elementary schools, acknowledgement of early childhood education remains necessary for future concern over children’s performance. Musical skills, language development, mathematics, and science skills together with motor skills earned in pre-school programs help children achieve their academic dreams. Complimenting these positive impacts with right teacher attitude as well as adequate parental guidance forms the greatest foundation for educational, social, and life success in children. References Bolen, L. (1989). The importance of the arts in the early childhood. Curriculum. Dimensions, 18(1), 11-14. Bullough, R. (2001). Student cohorts, school rhythms, and teacher education. Teacher Education Quarterly, 28(2), 97-110. Burger, K. (2010). How does early childhood care and education affect cognitive development? An international review of the effects of early interventions for children from diff erent social backgrounds. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 25(2), 140-165. Carma, L., Baxter, L., Imes, W. (2010). Parental rule socialization for preventive health and adolescent rule compliance. Journal of Family Relations, 59(1), 1-13. Curby, W.T. Timothy, L., L. (2013). Teachers’ emotional consistency matters for preschool children. Early Education and Development, 24(1), 292-309. Currie, J. (2001). Early childhood education programs. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 15(2), 213–238. Heckman, J. J. (2010a). Analyzing social experiments as implemented a reexamination of the evidence from the HighScope Perry Preschool Program. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research. Heckman, J. J. (2010b). A new cost-benefit and rate of return analysis for the Perry Preschool Program a summary. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research. Laurie, T., Garrett M., Buka, L. (2004). Cognitive performance in childhood and early adult illness: A prospective cohort study. Journal of Epidemiology and Community, 58(8), 674-679. Levinowitz, L. M. (1999). The importance of music in early childhood. Music Educators Journal, 86(1), 17-18. Miquela, R. (2008). The importance of quality early childhood education. Education digest: Essential Readings Condensed for Quick Review, 74(3), 61-63. Mouw, M., Weyrick, L. (2008). A Community plans for the health of its children. The American Journal of Nursing, 48(12), 776-779. Music, G. (2011). Nurturing natures: attachment and childrens emotional, sociocultural, and brain development. Hove, East Sussex: Psychology Press. Nomaguchi, M., Brown, S. (2011). Parental strains and rewards among mothers: The Role of Education. Journal of Marriage and Family, 73(3), 621-636. Payne, V. G., Isaacs, L. D. (1995). Human motor development: a lifespan approach (3rd ed.). Mountain View, California: Mayfield. Sheridan, M. D., Sharma, A., Cockerill, H. (2008). From birth to five years: childrens developmental progre ss (3rd ed.). London: Routledge.

The impact of consumption and Investment on the GDP in Qatar (1990- Statistics Project

The impact of consumption and Investment on the GDP in Qatar (1990- 2012) - Statistics Project Example The reason for selecting this period of data was the incomplete data for all three variables that could have extended the analysis for the longer period. Moreover, it is important to provide definition of three variables included in the analysis. Net FDI = â€Å"The net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor.† (â€Å"Indicator Queries†). The table indicated the country’s GDP increased significantly from 1994 to 2011 as the lowest value was recorded in 1994 and the maximum value was achieved in 2011. A sharp decline in the country’s GDP was recorded in 2009. Similar trends were observed in other two variables. The country’s exports increased significantly in the year 2011. The third variable ‘net inflows’ also showed a steady growth in the selected period. However, in 2011 a major decline was recorded. The results indicated that the value of adjusted R2 was 0.9871, which implies that the regression model implemented explained 98.71% of the total variations observed in 18 data entries. The regression equation obtained from the analysis indicated that the coefficient of constant, ÃŽ ²0 was 664545798.4126. A high value of constant coefficient suggested that there are other factors that affect the country’s GDP. Referring back to the equation of GDP provided, it could be noted that there are other variables included in the calculation of GDP. The coefficient of slopes obtained from the regression analysis were ÃŽ ²1 = 1.4160 (exports) and ÃŽ ²2 = 3.7452 (FDI net inflow). These values indicated that there is a positive relationship between GDP and exports and GDP and FDI net inflows. The findings reassert that to calculate a country’s GDP the values of investment and exports are added. The results imply that for every $1 increase or decrease in exports the country’s GDP would increase or decrease by $1.4160 respectively.

Nurse-Patient Relationship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6750 words

Nurse-Patient Relationship - Essay Example No doubt there are nurses who would not like to disclose their profession or place of work. But there is a majority who do not mind disclosing their profession and this research depends on those nurses, who are ready to disclose their identities. Experiences of these nurses, when they are admitted into health care either due to sickness or due to old age, are the basis of present research. The objective of the current research is to find out if such difficulties really exist at all, or have they been exaggerated. If they really existed, it could be a matter of significance for not only the Health Care, but also to the nurses themselves and unless eradicated properly, this might create unhappy moments for the nurses who themselves could become patients when they are sick, or old. Present study is not for reiterating any theory. Instead this is a fact-finding mission and during the course of research, if any study could be connected with the experiences of the nurses, it is done without argument. This research offers various suggestions; but will not argue on behalf or against any theory. It will connect the research into psychological dimensions and see in what way the environment of the Health Care could influence the behavior of the connected people. It will discuss the inter-personal relationships and will try to find out if there are any routes of improvement. Henc e, the research questions are: 1. What had been the experiences of the nurses who had come in as patients to Health Care Hospitals 2. Have the experiences been different in any way from other patients 3. How have these experiences affected the situations and people connected in the immediate situation and also in the long run 4. Has the nurse-patient relationship altered in any way, when the nurse becomes a patient, or has it been immaterial METHODOLOGY: For the research, an ideal group of 30 nurses have been selected, who had undergone hospitalization for various reasons. There were no other requirements other than that the candidates should be nurses and had been hospitalized under diverse circumstances. For this sampling method, convenience and snowballing have been used. The study felt that the group chosen was sufficient for internal and external comparisons and sufficient data could be collected as this is not an extraordinarily complicated research topic. The questions asked for straightforward and had not complications at all. As all the candidates were treated confidentially, there was no tension about their employers or the nurses treated them coming to know about it. Anonymity had been one of the conditions on which the hospitalized nurses agreed to venture into volunteering and their wishes had been respected. The measuring criterion is mainly based on the questionnaire and the face to face interview with the candidates and hence, is a very clear study without complex situations. The entire outcome is based on their experiences, human valuation, their own perspectives and prejudices, their psychological soundness and adjustments. There are belligerent nurses, who thought that their opinions and experience in the job was slighted by the nurses who treated them, whereas there were other nurses, who did not have any problem even in the

Book Assesment Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Book Assesment Report - Essay Example The book that we are going to analyze is Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed by Jared Diamond. Latesvology is a model that deals with the impacts of change in the society brought about by economical, technological and social changes. It further examines the dominant views and acceptable variance in the society related to economical or technological changes. Discussion The changing global economy has been of concern to the many people in different spheres of the global economy since these changes in the global economy have had an effect on the technological and social values within the society. The global world economy has grown tremendously over the years, and thus various sectors, such as the energy and mining sectors, have grown. However, these industries have experienced growth which has boosted the technology sector but has been detrimental to the society in terms of environmental pollution. The growth in the global economy impacted negatively the society in terms o f environmental degradation. This book specifically looks at the advancement of society during the past years and explains how economic growth has contributed to the collapse of different societies. ... Regions such as Europe grew in the past decades leading to the growth of agriculture, industry, technology and the society. As a result, to support this growth, many societies demanded more of resource allocation to be used in supporting industrial growth in order to accommodate the lifestyles of the society. However, growth in the economical aspect led to growth of industries and technology, and as a result, technology was used in the exploitation of resources. Technology was used in expanding industries as new forms of technology, such as growth in the transport systems paved way for industrial growth. As a means of sustaining the industrial growth and other forms of growth, minerals and other resources became the focal point of the development and search of these resources over the long period of time. Therefore, mining and other activities related to mineral extraction became major economic activities. The book in this case compares the race and rate of resource utilization durin g the Mayan, Vikings periods as equal to the current rate of resource utilization in the world (Diamond 187). The current global situation is that commodities and resources are the main drivers of the global economy. As a result, resources such as oil, steel and land are regarded as big economical factors in the development of societal life. Moreover, technology also assisted the development of the economical sector in that it was utilized in the process of acquiring resources from the earth easily for consumption. Consequently, the development of technology aided in the growth of the market economy within the business world. As the economy grew, the net effect in the society was the change in lifestyle and change of the standards of living. People began

Fundamental Elements of a Story Essay Example for Free

Fundamental Elements of a Story Essay This essay is going to talk about three different points: What are the types of effect that the writer can leave on his readers by his story? How important is the writers style to make his story access into his readers minds? What are the possible ways that the writer could use to make his theme noticed in his story? What are the Different Ways a Story’s Format Affects the Reader’s Comprehension? Positive effect The format of the story must be effective for the reader; if the form of the story is well organized the readers comprehension will be affected. The writer must organize the story elements and build a connection between all of these elements. Negative effect The format of the story could be not effective for the reader because of unorganized story structure. The way that the writer is telling his point of view doesnt affect readers properly. In What Ways do the Style and Point of View in a Story Format Effects the Delivery of that Story? The style and the point of view are important because the writer is the story teller. When the writers point of view is cleared and detailed his story becomes effective (Story, 2007). How can the Theme be Evident throughout a Story’s Elements? The theme can be evident depending on how the writer includes it in the story elements. For example, according to critics Joseph Conrad in his novel Heart of Darkness showed his racist personality and negative attitude towards women (Student Resources, 2008). Conclusion A story acceptance depends on the style of the author; maybe most readers will love it or hate it. The writer could write a story in 2 different ways with one 1 theme; the level of acceptance will not be the same in both cases. References Elements of the Short Story. (2007). Retrieved October 20, 2008, from http://www. scribblingwomen. org/elements. htm Student Resources. (2008). Retrieved October 20, 2008, from http://www. josephconradsociety. org/student_resources. htm

Simon Bolivar :: essays research papers

Throughout history there have been several leaders who used their cunning and sly intelligence to trick the general population into following them and their beliefs. Eventually, these leaders had so much support, they could no longer be called leaders, but absolute and dictatorial rulers. However, during the period of Enlightenment and of the French Revolution, non-maleficent ideas, created by Locke, Montesquieu, Voltaire, and other Enlightenment Philosophes, were spread throughout the European population. They stated the opposition to absolute monarchies as well as a new main focus on people’s innate rights and freedoms. Many leaders after this period of Enlightenment preached its ideas, while others simply used them to gain power. Simon Bolivar might have preached opinions that mainly reflected the ideas of the French Revolution. However, his actions contradicted these opinions, and revealed that his true intentions were selfish and illiberal. In several documents and speeches, Bolivar stated that he was very fond of freedom, liberty and equality. Clearly, it would seem that he desired democracy. This can be seen in his "Jamaican Letter", where he states "More than anyone I desire to see America fashioned into the greatest nation in the world, greatest not so much by virtue of her area and wealth as by her freedom and glory." However, he adds to this "love of freedom" in saying that it is "inconceivable" to set up such a government, simply because there is not enough political knowledge for a system such as that to run. Further, Bolivar says that he agrees with the ideas of Montesquieu, who played a very important role during the Enlightenment period, and states that he is against absolutism. In looking at the beliefs Bolivar spoke of, one could almost come to the conclusion that he directly lectured the ideas fought for in the French Revolution; opposition to absolute monarchies, natural rights and freedoms, ideas of Montesquieu, and ruling for the people’s best interest. Interestingly, however, Bolivar never actually put any of his "glorious ideas" into action. Instead of setting up a democracy, ideas of which he praised, he arranged a system in which his total control was made known. He declared himself president until he died, created a weak legislative body with almost no power, and limited the right to vote to the Creoles, who were American-born Spaniards. Not only did this contradict his great "Love of freedom" that he originally spoke of, but also his hate of monarchy, a system of government not too far off from the "paternal constitution" he himself created. Furthermore, this government system doesn’t reflect ideals fought for in the French Revolution, which he once agreed with. In a document written by Bolivar, he states that he fears Black